Abstract: Alkaline water electrolysis technology for hydrogen has been widely concerned because of its low cost, friendly environment, and marketability.In the structure of the alkaline water electrolysis system, the membrane is located between the anode and cathode, which affects the mass transfer process and ohmic internal resistance of OH^-, affecting the performance of the alkaline water electrolysis.As one of the core components of alkaline water electrolysis, it is of great significance to develop a membrane with high OH^- conductivity, excellent alkali resistance, and gas barrier properties.This study discusses three types of membranes commonly used in alkaline water electrolysis: porous membrane, solvated ion conductive membrane, and anion exchange membrane.From the structural and electrochemical performance to the summary of the difficulty of water electrolysis membrane, which provides new ideas for the development of membranes for alkaline water electrolysis.