Abstract: Green, efficient and clean energy storage and conversion devices can meet the needs of low-carbon life and sustainable development. Supercapacitors have attracted a lot of attention due to their high-power density, fast charge and discharge speed and long cycle life. Metal oxide is currently the most widely used electrode material for supercapacitors. It has the advantages of high specific capacity, low cost, suitability for commercialization, and environmental friendliness. This article introduces the advantages and disadvantages of commonly used electrode materials, as well as the research progress of metal oxides in supercapacitor electrode materials, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of unit metal oxides, multi-element metal oxides and metal oxide-based composite materials and their energy storage principles. Finally, the challenges and future development directions for the more ideal application of metal oxides in supercapacitor electrode materials are prospected.